Comparative Analysis of Magnetostrictive and Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Scalers In Periodontal Therapy

Abstract

Non-surgical periodontal therapy, particularly scaling and root planing, serves as the cornerstone of periodontal disease management. These procedures may be performed manually or using ultrasonic instruments. Among ultrasonic scalers, magnetostrictive and piezoelectric types are the most commonly used, each operating based on distinct mechanical principles and exhibiting different biological effects. The choice of scaler can influence both treatment efficacy and patient comfort. Objective: This review aims to compare magnetostrictive and piezoelectric ultrasonic scalers in periodontal therapy, focusing on clinical effectiveness, impact on hard and soft tissues as well as patient comfort. Discussion : Both types of scalers are effective at removing biofilm and calculus. Piezoelectric scalers operate with linear motion and generate less heat, while magnetostrictive scalers utilize elliptical motion. Some studies suggest that piezoelectric devices offer greater patient comfort and cause less tissue trauma, though these differences are not always statistically significant. Conclusion: The differing mechanisms of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric scalers offer clinicians flexible options that can be adjusted to individual patient needs. A thorough understanding of each system is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes while ensuring patient safety and comfort.