Determinants of Working Capital Loan Approval for MSMEs at MNC Bank

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh omzet usaha, kebutuhan modal kerja, dan jaminan terhadap keputusan pemberian kredit modal kerja pada pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di MNC Bank Regional Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi logistik. Data dikumpulkan dari 84 calon debitur UMKM yang mengajukan kredit selama periode 2023–2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, omzet usaha dan jaminan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap keputusan pemberian kredit, sedangkan kebutuhan kredit modal kerja menunjukkan pengaruh negatif signifikan. Secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan kredit. Temuan ini mengindikasikan pentingnya evaluasi komprehensif oleh bank terhadap variabel-variabel tersebut untuk mengurangi risiko Non-Performing Loan (NPL) dan meningkatkan efisiensi kredit kepada UMKM.

This study aims to analyze the determinants of working capital loan approval for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) at MNC Bank, focusing on business turnover, working capital needs, and collateral. Access to bank financing remains a major constraint for MSMEs despite their significant contribution to economic growth. Using a quantitative approach, this study applies logistic regression analysis to secondary data from 84 MSME loan applicants at MNC Bank in North Sumatra during the 2023–2024 period. The results indicate that business turnover and collateral have a significant positive effect on loan approval decisions, while working capital needs show a significant adverse effect. Simultaneously, all variables have a significant impact on credit approval decisions. These findings contribute to MSME financing literature and provide practical implications for improving credit assessment and risk mitigation in banking institutions.