Aktivitas Antelmintik Subfraksi dariFraksi Etanol Daun Pugun Tanoh [Picria fel-teraae (Lour.)]:

Anthelmintic Activity of Subfraction of Pugun tanoh [Picria fel-teraae (Lour.)]Leaves Ethanol Fraction

Abstract

Pugun tanoh [Picria fel-terrae (Lour.)] merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat Indonesia yang memiliki potensi sebagai antelmintik. Ekstrak etanol daun pugun tanoh dan fraksi-fraksinya mampu membunuh cacing parasit Ascaris lumbricoides dan Ascaridia gali. Pengujian terhadap aktivitas antelmintik subfraksi dari ekstrak etanol tersebut perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk memperoleh senyawa bioaktifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antelmintik subfraksi dari fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memfraksinasi 20g fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh secara kromatografi cair vakum dengan fase gerak landaian n-heksana-etil asetat dan etil asetat-metanol menggunakan fase diam silika gel 60H. Setiap 250 ml cuplikan ditampung dan ditentukan pola kromatogramnya dengan kromatografi lapis tipis menggunakan fase gerak n-heksana-etilasetat (70:30) dan fase diam silika gel GF254. Cuplikan dengan pola kromatografi yang sama dikumpulkan sebagai satu subfraksi. Setelah diuapkan, subfraksi diuji aktivitas antelmintiknya terhadap Pheretima posthuma.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh menghasilkan 4 subfraksi yaitu SF1 (0,10%), SF2 (4,00%), SF3 (4,05%), dan SF4 (73,55%). Waktu kematian P. posthuma akibat paparan SF1, SF2, SF3, dan SF4 masing-masing adalah 77,00 ± 1,00 menit; 56,33 ± 1,76 menit; 79,33 ± 1,33 menit; dan 112,33 ± 0,67 menit. Subfraksi dari fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh memiliki aktivitas antelmintik dimana SF2 lebih kuat dibandingkan SF3, SF1, dan SF4.

Pugun tanoh [Picria fel-terrae (Lour.)] is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants which has the potential as an anthelmintic. Ethanol extract of pugun tanoh leaves and their fractions were able to destroy the parasitic worms Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaridia. The evaluation of antelmintic activity of subfraction of ethanol extract needs to be done in an effort to obtain its bioactive compounds. This study aimed to determine the anthelmintic activity of subfraction of  pugun tanoh leavesethanol fraction. The study was carried out by fractionating 20g ethanol fraction of pugun tanoh leaves by vacuum liquid chromatography with a mobile phase of n-hexane-ethyl acetate and ethyl acetate-methanol using the stationary phase of silica gel 60H.Each 250 ml aliquot was collected and the chromatogram pattern was determined by thin layer chromatography using the n-hexane-ethylacetate(70:30)  asmobile phase and silica gel GF254 as stationary phase. The Aliquots with same chromatographic pattern were collected as one subfraction. After being evaporated, the subfraction was tested for its anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. The results showed that ethanol fraction of pugun tanoh leaves produced 4 subfractions namely SF1 (0.10%), SF2 (4.00%), SF3 (4.05%), and SF4 (73.55%). The time of P. posthuma's death due to exposure to SF1, SF2, SF3, and SF4 was 77.00 ± 1.00; 56.33 ± 1.76; 79.33 ± 1.33; and 112.33 ± 0.67 minutes, respectively. Subfraction of ethanol fraction of pugun tanoh leaves has anthelmintic activity in which SF2 was stronger than SF3, SF1, and SF4