Osteoclast In Alveolar Bone: Maintaining Bone Homeostasis

Abstract

The alveolar bone, containing hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, supports tooth roots and is crucial for supporting teeth and surrounding soft tissues. The balance of osteoblasts causing bone formation and osteoclasts causing bone resorption is essential in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts, bone cells responsible for bone remodeling and resorption of old bone, are vital to the process. Osteoclasts, derived from immature monocytic cells, monocyte-derived dendritic cells, and macrophages, are crucial in bone resorption, an essential process in bone remodeling and maintenance. Bone homeostasis depends on the balance between osteoclasts, osteoblasts, their precursors, and immune regulators. The interaction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts will manage bone remodeling. The bone remodeling cyclic process involves four stages: activation, resorption, reversal, and formation. Additionally, this review will discuss the association between osteoclasts and periodontitis. Osteoclasts play a significant part in bone remodeling and maintaining bone homeostasis. It also explores the correlation between osteoclasts and periodontitis, understanding the importance of osteoclast biology for effective treatments.