The Sound Changes in the Transliteration of Indonesian Regional Names into Arabic: A Phonological Study

Abstract

This study aims to determine the change in the consonant phoneme that is found only in the Indonesian language which occurs in the Indonesian region when it is transliterated into the Arabic language. The research method uses a qualitative method of descriptive with review literature techniques. The data obtained from various regional names in Indonesia contained in the Arabic version of Google Maps and then grouped by certain criteria. There are five consonant phonemes that are only available in Indonesian language and are not found in Arabic, such as: /c/ ,/g/ ,/p/ ,/η/, and /ñ/, so variations appear in the Indonesian transliteration symbols to the Arabic. The results showed that phoneme /c/ could be represented by the phoneme <ك>, <س>, or grapheme <تش>, Phoneme /g/can be represented by the phoneme <غ> or <ج>, phoneme /p/ can be represented by the phoneme <ب> or <ف>, phonemes/η/or grapheme <ng> can be represented by the grapheme <نق>, <نغ>, <نج>, or <نك>, for the phonemes /ñ/ or grapheme <ny> can be represented by the grapheme <ني>. The phoneme changes are based on the proximity of articulation points. This research is a preliminary study to map the transcription symbol of Indonesian phonemes into Arabic.