Music, Power and Gender in Opera Batak Performance
Authors | ||
Issue | Vol 7 No 2 (2024): Talenta Conference Series: Local Wisdom, Social, and Arts (LWSA) | |
Section | Articles | |
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Copyright (c) 2024 Talenta Conference Series This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. |
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Galley | ||
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.32734/lwsa.v7i2.2094 | |
Keywords: | Opera Batak gender music power musik kekuasaan | |
Published | 2024-03-01 |
Abstract
This paper attempts to discuss power and gender issues which relate to musical performance within the Toba Bataks of North Sumatera, Indonesia. Based upon the idea that gender ideology, social power and performance are intertwined, this paper views musical performance as a potential vehicle for inter-gender communication, which has a power to protest, negotiate, and challenge authority. The discussion is going to focus on the analysis of a few songs specifically related to women and gender ideology in Toba Batak society and view Opera Batak as a vessel of women’s voice where women express their feeling and talk about themselves. The data presented here is based on ethnographic research among the Opera Batak performance since 1987-2022. The music data that is analyzed is the music and song repertoires that derived from this theatrical genre which were composed especially during period of the 1920-1970’s. The result demonstrates that Opera Batak, has become a vessel of women’s voice and their feeling expression. Song lyrics analysis has proved that issues about gender inequality and women’s struggle in the society has been expressed and negotiated through Opera Batak performance.
Tulisan ini mencoba membahas isu-isu kekuasaan dan gender yang berhubungan dengan pertunjukan musik di Batak Toba di Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Berdasarkan gagasan bahwa ideologi gender, kekuatan sosial, dan pertunjukan saling terkait, makalah ini memandang pertunjukan musik sebagai sarana potensial untuk komunikasi antar gender, yang memiliki kekuatan untuk memprotes, bernegosiasi, dan menantang otoritas. Pembahasannya akan fokus pada analisis beberapa lagu yang secara khusus berkaitan dengan perempuan dan ideologi gender dalam masyarakat Batak Toba dan memandang Opera Batak sebagai wadah suara perempuan di mana perempuan mengekspresikan perasaan dan berbicara tentang dirinya. Data yang disajikan di sini berdasarkan penelitian etnografi pada pementasan Opera Batak sejak tahun 1987-2022. Data musik yang dianalisis adalah repertoar musik dan lagu yang berasal dari genre teatrikal yang digubah khususnya pada periode 1920-1970an. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Opera Batak telah menjadi wadah suara dan ekspresi perasaan perempuan. Analisis lirik lagu membuktikan bahwa isu kesenjangan gender dan perjuangan perempuan di masyarakat telah diungkapkan dan dinegosiasikan melalui pertunjukan Opera Batak.