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Rantai Pasokan Cerdas; Menyajikan Peluang yang Belum Pernah Ada Sebelumnya untuk Mengelola Rantai Pasokan Pertanian

Smart Supply Chain; Presents Unprecedented Opportunities For Managing Agricultural Supply Chain

Authors
  • Tomy Perdana Departemen Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
  • Fernianda Rahayu Hermiatin Agricultural Logistics and Supply Chain System (AGRILOGICS) Research Group, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Issue       Vol 2 No 4 (2019): Talenta Conference Series: Energy and Engineering (EE)
Section       Articles
Galley      
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32734/ee.v2i4.684
Keywords: pertanian value co-creation participatory action research smart supply chain agriculture
Published 2019-12-18

Abstract

Pertanian menjadi salah satu sektor perekonomian penyumbang PDB negara. Beragam potensi dan keragaman sektor pertanian menjadi potensi kekuatan untuk dikembangkan secara berkesinambungan. Akan tetapi, potensi dan keragaman sumber daya tersebut masih menghadapi berbagai kendala dan permasalahan, seperti iklim, produksi, pasca panen, serta pemasaran. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai permasalahan dan kendala dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang bersifat holistik dan partisipatif. Proses analisis dimulai dengan memvisualisasikan Big Picture Mapping pada proses produksi hulu hingga hilir untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan kendala memalui proses dialog dan diskusi sepanjang rantai pasok pertanian berdasarkan konsep value co-creation. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menggali informasi yaitu dengan metode participatory action research yang melibatkan partisipasi dari peneliti, praktisi dan pemangku kebijakan sektor pertanian. Sektor pertanian di Provinsi Jawa Barat menjadi studi kasus pada penelitian ini. Pelibatan aktor dari sektor pertanian, peternakan, perikanan, dan perkebunan, pelaku pasar dan pemerintah menjadi dasar pengembangan model smart supply chain pada sektor pertnian. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa permasalahan yang terjadi pada sektor pertanian dikarenakan tidak ada integrasi antar pelaku rantai pasok serta para pemangku kepentingan (pemerintah, pihak swasta, dan peneliti) sehingga kegiatan pembangunan dijalankan secara terpisah dan tidak dikoordinasikan dengan tepat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, rekomendasi pengembangan pembangunan sektor pertanian dengan pengembangan smart supply chain harus dilandasi oleh koordinasi antar aktor yang dilakukan secara terintegrasi. Komponen utama pengembangan smart supply chain sektor pertanian harus melibatkan klaster, simpul pangan, dan pengembangan berbagai teknologi digital yang tepat guna.

 

Agriculture is one of the economic sectors contributing to the country's GDP. Various potentials and diversity of the agricultural sector become the potential strength to be developed sustainably. However, the potential and diversity of these resources still face various obstacles and problems, such as climate, production, post-harvest, and marketing. According to this case, this study aims to identify various problems and obstacles using a holistic and participatory approach. The analysis process begins by visualizing the Big Picture Mapping in the upstream to downstream production processes to identify problems and obstacles through a process of dialogue and discussion throughout the agricultural supply chain based on the value co-creation concept. The approach used to dig up information is by using participatory action research methods that involve participation from researchers, practitioners and stakeholders in the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector in West Java Province is a case study in this research. The involvement of actors from the agricultural, livestock, fisheries and plantation sectors, market players and the government is the basis for developing the agricultural smart supply chain model. This research shows that the problems that occur in the agricultural sector are due to the lack of integration between supply chain actors and stakeholders (i.e., government, private sector, and researchers). The development activities are carried out separately and are not appropriately coordinated. Based on this case, recommendations for developing the agricultural sector with the development of smart supply chains must be based on coordination between actors carried out in an integrated manner. The main components of agricultural smart supply chain development should involve clusters, food hubs, and the development of various appropriate digital technologies.