Pengaplikasian Metode Six Sigma Untuk Mengurangi Tingkat Kecacatan
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Issue | Vol 6 No 1 (2023): Talenta Conference Series: Energy and Engineering (EE) | |
Section | Articles | |
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Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Energy and Engineering (EE) This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.32734/ee.v6i1.1805 | |
Keywords: | Analysis Hierarchy Process Cacat Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Peningkatan Six Sigma Defect Improvement | |
Published | 2023-10-20 |
Abstract
Usaha konveksi merupakan salah satu usaha mikro kecil dan menengan atau UMK. Konveksi ini memproduksi beberapa jenis produk pakaian contohnya baju kaos, celana training, kemeja, dan lain-lain. Baju kaos merupakan salah satu produk yang memiliki jumlah produksi tertinggi, namun masih memiliki angka defect dan tingkat ketercapaian produksi paling rendah dibandingkan dengan produk lainnya. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan kondisi eksisting, didapatkan bahwa sigma level sebesar 3,51. Dengan analisis pareto chart menghasilkan dua jenis defect utama dari produksi baju, yaitu overdect defect, dan DTF failure. Selanjutnya kedua defect tersebut dianalisis menggunakan metode Root Cause Analysis-RCA bertujuan mencari akar permasalahannya. Tiap-tiap permasalahan dianalisa dengan RCA dilanjutkan ke penilaian lain menggunakan metode FMEA untuk mendapatkan prioritas resiko (risk priority number) yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan perbaikan. Setelah didapatkannya aspek yang penting untuk dilakukan perbaikan, selanjutnya dirancang alternatif solusi setiap defect menyebabkan permasalahan utama; alternatif solusi terbentuk dikembangkan dan selanjutnya setiap solusi alternatif akan dilakukan kombinasi. Tiga kriteria dipakai untuk menilai setiap alternatif adalah defect reduction, production capacity, customer satisfaction. Dengan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process tiga kriteria tersebut dapat dibobotkan. Kombinasi terpilih adalah alternatif 1 dan 2 yaitu 1, membentuk tim untuk melakukan preventive maintenance dan 2, melakukan penggantian thermostat, dan melakukan kalibrasi ulang terhadap mesin sablon press. Selanjutnya, dilakukan perhitungan sigma improvement, didapatkan peningkatan nilai sigma dari sigma awal 3.51 sigma menjadi 3.80 sigma. Terjadi kenaikan sigma sebesar 0,29 sigma dari nilai sigma awal, dan ini mengindikasikan pilihan alternatif 1 dan 2 dapat menurunkan defect per million opportunity-dpmo.
The convection business is one of the small and medium enterprises or MSEs. This convection produces several types of clothing products, for example, t-shirts, training pants, shirts, and others. T-shirts are one of the products that have the highest number of production but still have the lowest defect rate and level of production achievement compared to other products. After calculating the existing conditions, it was found that the sigma level was 3.51. With Pareto chart analysis produces two main types of defects, namely overdect defects, and DTF failures. Each problem analyzed by RCA is continued to another assessment using the FMEA method to obtain a risk priority number for improvement. After obtaining important aspects for improvement, alternative solutions are then designed for each defect that causes the main problem; alternative solutions that are formed are developed and then each alternative solution will be combined. The three criteria are defect reduction, production capacity, and customer satisfaction. The highest value was chosen as an alternative that can improve product quality. The selected alternative combinations are two alternatives, namely 1, forming a team to carry out preventive maintenance and 2, replacing the thermostat, and recalibrating the screen printing press machine. Furthermore, sigma improvement calculations were carried out, an increase in sigma value was obtained, from the initial sigma of 3.51 sigma to 3.80 sigma. There was an increase in sigma of 0.29 sigma from the initial sigma value, and this indicates alternative solutions 1 and 2 can reduce defects per million opportunity-dpmo.