Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr <p align="justify">TALENTA Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) is an open access journal publishing the proceeding of conferences across all disciplines of agricultural and natural Resources, including peer-reviewed full-length articles, collections of abstracts and meeting reports. The proceeding of TALENTA Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) is published by TALENTA Publisher Universitas Sumatera Utara. Publishing a supplement to the proceedings of TALENTA Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) is a very effective ways for disseminating conference material and scientific findings to your target readers.</p> <p>p-ISSN : 2654-7015<br>e-ISSN : 2654-7023</p> <p><br><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" rel="license"><img src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nd/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License"></a><br>This work is licensed under a&nbsp;<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p> Talenta Publisher en-US Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) 2654-7015 Dukungan Inovasi Teknologi Untuk Agribisnis Kakao Berkelanjutan https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1734 <p class="tcs-abstract-text">Kakao merupakan komoditas penyegar yang tetap memberikan arti penting bagi perekonomian nasional baik sebagai sumber devisa maupun pendapatan masyarakat petani. Produksi kakao nasional cenderung turun dari waktu ke waktu akibat cekaman lingkungan tumbuh tanaman yang semakin berat sebagai dampak perubahan iklim menyebabkan industri kakao nasional kekurangan pasokan bahan baku. Kesenjangan rantai pasok tersebut dapat diatasi apabila teknologi budidaya kakao produktivitas tinggi dapat diimplementasikan secara masif hingga terjadi peningkatan produksi kakao secara nyata. Tulisan ini mengulas jenis-jenis teknologi yang diperlukan untuk mendukung agribisnis kakao secara berkelanjutan. Teknologi sub sektor hulu meliputi bahan tanam unggul dan cara perbanyakannya, budidaya kakao berkelanjutan, dan sistem penguatan kelembagaan petani beserta sistem transfer teknologi. Sedangkan, pada sub sektor hilir diperlukan dukungan teknologi pengolahan skala industri kecil menengah (IKM) agar petani dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah agribisnis serta menumbuhkan budaya konsumsi cokelat dalam negeri. Strategi penguatan sub sektor hulu maupun sub sektor hilir tersebut melalui penguatan seluruh komponen yang terlibat dalam ekosistem agribisnis kakao dengan peran utama pemerintah sebagai pemangku kepentingan pengembangan komoditas berbasis perkebunan rakyat.</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text">&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em>Cocoa is a strategic commodity that continuously gives importance and value to the national economy, both as a source of foreign exchange and income for smallholder farmers. Indonesian cocoa production tends to decrease time by time due to heavier stress of environmental conditions such as the impact of climate change that cocoa growing to be more difficult causing the national cocoa industry has a shortage of raw material supplies. The supply chain gap can be overcome if high-productivity cocoa cultivation technology can be implemented massively so that there is a real increase in production. This paper reviews the types of technology needed to support sustainable cocoa agribusiness. Technology for supporting at the upstream level includes superior planting materials and methods of propagation, sustainable cocoa cultivation, and systems for strengthening farmer institutional and technology transfer, while in the downstream need technology for developing the small-scale enterprise industries (IKM) so that farmers can increase the added value of agribusiness and increase the culture of domestic chocolate consumption. The strategy for strengthening the upstream and downstream is through strengthening all components involved in the cocoa agribusiness ecosystem with the main role of the government as the main stakeholder in the development of smallholder plantation-based commodities.</em></p> Agung Wahyu Susilo Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 1 6 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1734 Pengendalian Hama Utama Pada Perkebunan Kakao di Sumatera Utara dan Jawa timur https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1735 <p>Kakao, <em>Theobromae cocoa</em>, L merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor yang memiliki prospek positif. Indonesia memiliki lahan yang cukup luas, iklim yang cocok untuk kakao dan ketersediaan sumber daya bagi petani atau pekebun. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir produksi kakao mengalami penurunan akibat serangan hama utama seperti Penggerek Buah Kakao (Conopomorpha cramerella) Snellen, Nyamuk Mirid Kakao (Helopeltis theobromae) Miller, Tikus (Rattus tiomanicus (Miller) dan Tupai (Callosciurus notatus) Boddaert. Pengendalian hama utama kakao dalam tulisan ini berdasarkan hasil percobaan dan pengamatan komersial di perkebunan kakao PT PP London Sumatera Indonesia Tbk yang berlokasi di Sumatera Utara dan Jawa Timur. Pengendalian hama utama dilakukan dengan menerapkan pengendalian hayati dengan menggunakan semut hitam, <em>Dolichoderus throracicus</em> (Smith) dilanjutkan dengan pemangkasan pohon kakao dan pemanenan setiap 7 hari. Serangan hama dikendalikan di bawah ambang ekonomi jika&gt;70% buah kakao pada pohon terdapat populasi semut hitam. Penggunaan sarang buatan berbahan poliester akan bertahan lebih lama dan populasi semut hitam akan lebih stabil dan lebih efisien.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em><span style="color: #0e101a;">Cocoa, Theobromae cocoa, L is one of the export commodities that has positive prospects. Indonesia has a properly large area of land, the climate is suitable for cocoa, and the availability of resources for farmers or planters. In recent years cocoa production has decreased due to major pests such as the Cocoa pod borer (Conopomorpha cramerella) Snellen, Cocoa mosquito mirid (Helopeltis theobromae) Miller, Rat (Rattus tiomanicus (Miller) and Squirrel (Callosciurus notatus) Boddaert. The control of the main cocoa pests in this paper is based on experimental results and commercial observations at cocoa plantations PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk located in North Sumatera and East Java. The main pest control is carried out by applying biological control by using black ants, Dolichoderus throracicus (Smith) followed by pruning of cocoa trees and harvesting every 7 days. The pest infestation is controlled below the economic threshold if &gt;70% of the cocoa pods on the trees have black ant populations. The use of artificial nests made of polyester will last longer and the black ant population will be more stable and more efficient.</span></em></p> Ahmad Saleh Adi Sumantri Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 7 11 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1735 Upaya Pengembangan Inovasi Teknologi untuk Meningkatkan Produksi dan Mutu Serta Varian Minuman Kopi https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1736 <p>Kopi telah dikenal luas di dunia, saat ini komoditas kopi kembali mentereng di pasar global, terlebih kopi dari Indonesia. Permintaan pasar domestik maupun pasar internasional pada akhir-akhir ini terus meningkat, namun pasokan komoditas kopi di kalangan petani belum mampu memenuhi seluruh permintaan pasar. Data yang dihimpun pada Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan menunjukkan luas areal kebun kopi didominasi oleh kebun rakyat, dengan proporsi berkisar 96 %. Permasalahan di hulu hingga hilir pun menjadi kendala dalam menghasilkan kopi baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya, untuk itu dibutuhkan inovasi teknologi berupa penanaman klon unggul spesifik wilayah, sistem tanam, pemangkasan, petik merah selektif, pengeringan/penjemuran, alat dan mesin pengolahan serta inovasi varian rasa kopi.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em>Coffee is known globally. These days, coffee commodities are developing exponentially in the global market, especially, the coffee produced and made in Indonesia. There is a high demand for both domestic and international market. However, the local farmers as suppliers have not been able to meet all market demand. Based on the data collected by Directorate General of Plantations, it shows that the area of coffee plantations is dominated by smallholder plantations, with a proportion of around 96%. The issues regarding the upstream to downstream seen as the factor that affecting the amount and quality of coffee produced. Therefore, there is a need in utilising technological innovation by using planting region-specific superior clones, cropping systems, pruning, selective red picking, drying/drying, processing tools and machines, as well as innovation in the flavours of variant coffee.</em></p> Alnopri Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 12 17 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1736 Transformasi Teknologi Budidaya Teh Berkelanjutan https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1738 <p>Defenisi teh yang sebenar-benarnya teh adalah minuman yang hasil olahan dari pucuk daun tanaman <em>Camellia</em> <em>sinensis</em>. Tanaman teh yang diolah tersebut memiliki manfaat bagi tubuh karena mengandung polifenol yang tinggi. Apabila teh mengandung polifenol yang rendah sudah dapat dipastikan bahwa manfaat yang diperoleh ketika meminum teh akan sedikit juga bahkan tidak ada sama sekali. Banyak cara dilakukan agar menghasilkan teh yang berkualitas dengan kandungan polifenol tinggi. Faktor yang memengaruhi kandungan polifenol pada tanaman teh di antaranya adalah varietas dan klon, pemupukan, pemetikan dan komposisi/umur daun, pemeliharaan tanaman, ketinggian tempat dan musim. Anjuran dosis polifenol pada orang dewasa sekitar 125 – 500 mg/hari atau setara dengan 3 – 5 gram teh yang diseduh per hari.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em>The actual tea definition is a drink made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. These processed plants have benefits for the body because they contain high polyphenols. If tea contains low polyphenols, it can be ascertained that the benefits obtained when drinking tea will be little or almost not. Many ways have been done to produce quality tea with high polyphenol content. Factors that affect the polyphenol content in plants include varieties and clones, fertilization, picking, leaf composition/age, plant maintenance, altitude, and season. The recommended dose of polyphenols in adults is around 125 – 500 mg/day or equal to 3 – 5 tea grams which are brewed per day.</em></p> Eko Pranoto Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 18 23 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1738 Manfaat Kopi, Teh dan Kakao bagi Kesehatan https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1739 <p class="tcs-abstract-text">Kopi, teh dan kakao merupakan komoditas utama perkebunan di Indonesia. Selain pengunaannya sebagai minuman penyegar dan stimulansia, komoditas ini memiliki beragam senyawa aktif yang berkhasiat untuk meningkatkan kesehatan tubuh. Kandungan methylxantine (kafein, theobromin dan theophylin) memiliki khasiat untuk merelaksasikan saluran nafas sehingga bermanfaat bagi penderita asma dan penyakit paru obstruktif kronis. Selain itu methylxanthine juga dapat berfungsi sebagai neuroprotektor dan mmperbaiki fungsi kognitif. Kandungan senyawa fenol dan diterpen memiliki khasiat sebagai vasodilator, antiinflamasi dan mengatur kadar kolesterol, tekanan darah serta fungsi endotel pembuluh darah. Konsumsi dalam jumlah yang berlebihan tidak dianjurkan karena dapat mengganggu kesuburan atau fertilitas.</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text">&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em>Coffee, tea and cocoas are the main crops and commodities of Indonesia. They are commonly consumed as a refreshing drink and to increase mood and attention. Besides, they contain bioactive compounds that can improve health and wellness. Methylxanthines (caffeine, theobromine and theophylline) relax the airway. Therefore, they are used in the management of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methylxanthines also exhibit neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function. Phenolics and diterpenes compounds exert vasodilation, antiinflammatory effects, blood lipid and blood pressure regulation, and improve endothelial function. Consumption of coffee, tea and cocoa in large amounts is not suggested due to their toxicity in organs, especially reproductive organs.</em></p> hammad Ichwan Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 24 28 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1739 Selidik Cepat Kesehatan Tanah untuk Mendukung Perkebunan Teh yang Berkelanjutan https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1740 <p class="tcs-abstract-text">Kesehatan tanah merupakan kemampuan tanah untuk menyediakan lingkungan tumbuh yang optimal bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan beberapa sampel tanah yang diambil dari areal perkebunan teh dengan metode selidik cepat kesehatan tanah dan menentukan rekomendasi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan tanah sehingga produktivitas teh dapat meningkat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Afdeling Gambung Selatan terdiri dari 5 blok (B4-B5-B6-B7 dan B8), Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina (PPTK) Gambung, Jawa Barat. Tahapan pertama dari selidik cepat kesehatan tanah di Perkebunan teh adalah pengukuran indikator kesehatan tanah yang meliputi sifat fisika, kimia, dan biologi di lapangan. Berdasarkan data selidik cepat kesehatan tanah tersebut, secara umum menunjukkan bahwa kebun teh Gambung Selatan memiliki tanah dengan kondisi sehat. Faktor pembatas kesehatan tanah dominan terdapat kondisi banyaknya akar dan infiltrasi tanah. Rekomendasi yang dapat meningkatkan kesehatan tanah antara lain memperbaiki sifat fisika tanah (penggarpuan) dan penambahan bahan organik.</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text">&nbsp;</p> <p><em>Soil health is the ability of the soil to provide an optimal growing environment for plants. This study aims to classify several soil samples taken from the South Gambung tea plantation area with a soil health rapid investigation method and determine recommendations that can be made to improve soil health quality so that tea productivity can increase. The research was carried out in the South Gambung Block consisting of 5 blocks (B4-B5-B6-B7 and B8), Research Institute for Tea and Chincona. The first stage of a rapid investigation of soil health in tea plantations is the measurement of soil health indicators which include physical, chemical, and biological properties in the field. Based on data from a quick investigation of soil health in the South Gambung tea plantation area, in general, it shows that the South Gambung tea plantation has soil with healthy conditions. The dominant factor limiting soil health is the condition of the number of roots and soil infiltration. Recommendations that can improve soil health include improving soil physical properties (forking) and adding organic matter.</em></p> Restu Wulansari Inas Ahmad Athaya Faris Nur Fauzi Eko Pranoto Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 29 34 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1740 Peningkatan Kualitas dan Mutu Komoditas Penyegar (Kopi, Teh dan Kakao) Melalui Pengelolaan Agroekosistem Berkelanjutan https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1741 <p>Teh, kopi dan kakao merupakan komoditas penyegar yang mengandung konstituen bioaktif, yaitu alkaloid purin, kafein, teofilin, dan teobromin yang mampu menstimulasi dan memberikan efek menenangkan saat dikonsumsi. Lebih dari 65% populasi dunia mengonsumsi teh, kopi dan kakao di seluruh dunia. Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara penghasil dan penyuplai 9% ketersediaan produksi bahan penyegar global. Tingginya serangan OPT menyebabkan hasil produksi komoditas penyegar sulit mengalami kenaikan sehingga belum mampu mengimbangi tingginya permintaan terhadap komoditas penyegar. Upaya pengelolaan agroekosistem sangat diperlukan untuk menekan populasi dan intensitas serangan hama serta mengurangi ketergantungan petani terhadap pemanfaatan bahan-bahan kimia pada budidaya tanaman kopi, teh dan kakao. Pengelolaan agroekosistem dalam pengendalian hama merupakan salah satu metode dalam Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) yang diterapkan dengan pendekatan ekologi melalui pengaturan kegiatan dalam ekosistem pertanian sesuai dengan fungsi-fungsi pengelolaan yang tepat dan terarah.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em>Tea, coffee, and cocoa are refreshing commodities that contain bioactive constituents, namely purine alkaloids, caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine which can stimulate and provide a calming effect when consumed. More than 65% of the world's population consumes tea, coffee, and cocoa worldwide. Indonesia is one of the producing and supplying countries for 9% of global freshener production. The high number of pest attacks has made it difficult for the production of refreshment commodities to increase so they have not been able to keep up with the high demand for refreshment commodities. Efforts to manage agroecosystems are needed to reduce the population and intensity of pest attacks and reduce the dependence of farmers on the use of chemicals in the cultivation of coffee, tea, and cocoa. Management of agroecosystems in pest control is one of the methods in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) which is applied with an ecological approach through regulating activities in agricultural ecosystems by appropriate and directed management functions.</em></p> Retna Astuti Kuswardani Indri Yanil Vajri Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 35 40 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1741 Analisis Sifat Inovasi Budidaya yang Baik (Good Agricultural Practices) pada Tanaman Kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan https://talentaconfseries.usu.ac.id/anr/article/view/1742 <p>Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang sifat-sifat inovasi pada budidaya yang baik (<em>Good Agricultural Practices</em>) tanaman kopi arabika oleh petani di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat-sifat inovasi dari penerapan cara budidaya yang baik (<em>Good Agricultural Practices</em>) tanaman kopi arabika oleh petani di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Dasar pemilihan lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja (<em>purposive</em>). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Sampel ditentukan dengan metode <em>purposive sampling</em> yang sesuai dengan kriteria dalam penelitian ini yakni sebanyak 60 orang petani kopi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengisian kuisioner dan wawancara mendalam. Analisa data dilakukan dengan tabulasi data kuantitatif hasil penilaian dengan skoring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penilaian petani tentang sifat inovasi GAP kopi arabika termasuk sesuai atau cocok untuk diadopsi oleh petani, yakni sebesar 76,60 persen. Mayoritas petani kopi menilai bahwa GAP kopi arabika dinilai mudah untuk dikomunikasikan kepada petani (78,50 persen) dan mengatasi &nbsp;permasalahan mutu dan hasil ekonomi kopi arabika oleh petani (78,50 persen). Petani juga menilai bahwa GAP kopi arabika sudah sesuai (tidak bertentangan) dengan nilai-nilai sosial dan budaya masyarakat di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan (77,00 persen).</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p class="tcs-abstract-text-2"><em>This research examines the characteristics of innovation in good cultivation (Good Agricultural Practices) of Arabica coffee plants by farmers in South Tapanuli Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the innovative characteristics of the application of Good Agricultural Practices for Arabica coffee plants by farmers in South Tapanuli Regency. The basis for selecting research sites was determined purposively. This type of research is quantitative with an analytical descriptive method. The sample was determined by purposive sampling method according to the criteria in this study, namely as many as 60 coffee farmers. Data collection techniques were carried out by filling out questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was carried out by tabulating quantitative data on the results of the assessment by scoring. The results showed that the level of farmers' assessment of the characteristics of Arabica coffee’s GAP innovation was appropriate or suitable for adoption by farmers, was 76.60 percent. The majority of coffee farmers consider that GAP Arabica coffee is considered easy to communicate to farmers (78.50 percent) and to overcome problems of quality and economic results of Arabica coffee by farmers (78.50 percent). Farmers also consider that GAP Arabica coffee is appropriate (not contradictory) with the social and cultural values of the people in South Tapanuli Regency (77.00 percent).&nbsp;</em></p> Yuliana Kansrini Dwi Febrimeli Puji Wahyu Mulyani Copyright (c) 2023 Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 4 1 41 50 10.32734/anr.v4i1.1742