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Aplikasi Beberapa Bahan Organik dan Lamanya Inkubasi Dalam Meningkatkan P-Tersedia Tanah Ultisol

The Application of Some Organic Matter and The Length of Incubation in Increasing P-Available Ultisol Soil

Authors
  • Nita Rentina Pasaribu Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • Fauzi Fauzi Universitas Sumatera Utara
  • Asmarlaili Sahar Hanafiah Universitas Sumatera Utara
Issue       Vol 1 No 1 (2018): Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR)
Section       Articles
Galley      
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32734/anr.v1i1.129
Keywords: bahan organik inkubasi P-tersedia u Ultisol
Published 2018-10-16

Abstract

Ultisol merupakan bagian terluas dari lahan kering yang ada di Indonesia yaitu sekitar 25% dari total daratan Indonesia. Tanah yang mempunyai kesuburan rendah karena bereaksi masam, kandungan bahan organik rendah, kadar hara P rendah dan kelarutan Al yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian beberapa bahan organik dan lamanya inkubasi terhadap peningkatan pH, P-tersedia, kapasitas tukar kation (KTK), penurunan Al-dd dan kejenuhan Al pada tanah Ultisol yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara dan Laboratorium Socfin Indonesia, Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah bahan organik terdiri dari kontrol (B0), kompos Tithonia diversifolia (paitan) (B1), kompos kulit durian (B2), kompos TKKS (B3), pupuk kandang ayam (B4), kompos paitan + pukan ayam (B5), kompos kulit durian + pukan ayam (B6), kompos TKKS + pukan ayam (B7). Faktor kedua adalah lama inkubasi terdiri dari inkubasi satu minggu (I1), inkubasi dua minggu (I2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bahan organik nyata meningkatkan pH, P-tersedia, KTK serta menurunkan Al-dd dan kejenuhan Al. Lama inkubasi nyata menurunkan pH tetapi tidak mempengaruhi P-tersedia, KTK, menurunkan Al-dd dan kejenuhan Al, serta interaksi bahan oganik dengan lamanya inkubasi nyata menurunkan Al-dd tanah tetapi tidak mempengaruhi pH, P-tersedia, KTK, dan menurunkan kejenuhan Al.

Ultisol is the widest part of dry land in Indonesia, which is around 25% of the total land area of Indonesia. This soil type has low fertility due to the acid reaction, low organic matter content, low P nutrient content and high Al solubility. This study aims to determine the effect of giving some organic matter and the length of incubation on increasing pH, available P, cation exchange capacity (CEC), decreasing Al-dd and saturation of Al on Ultisol soil carried out at the Soil Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatra North and Indonesian Socfin Laboratory, Medan. This study used Factorial Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was organic material consisting of control (B0), Tithonia diversifolia (paitan) (B1) compost, durian skin compost (B2), OPEFB compost (B3), chicken manure (B4), paitan + chicken compost (B5) , durian + pukan chicken skin compost (B6), TKKS + chicken compost (B7) compost. The second factor is the incubation period consisting of one-week incubation (I1), two weeks incubation (I2). The results of this study indicate that the addition of organic matter significantly increases pH, available P, CEC and decreases Al-dd and saturation Al. Duration of incubation markedly reduced pH but did not affect P-available, CEC, decreased Al-dd and Al saturation, and interaction of organic matter with marked incubation duration significantly reduced soil Al-dd but did not affect pH, available P, CEC, and decreased Al saturation.